Nail fungus (medically known as onychomycosis) is an infection caused by fungi (usually dermatophytes, yeasts, or molds) that attacks the nail plate and the skin under the nail. The infection most commonly develops on the toenails but can also affect the fingernails.
What Causes Nail Fungus?
There are several factors that can lead to a fungal infection, including:
- Moist, warm environments: Fungi thrive in damp, warm places such as closed shoes or communal areas like swimming pools and showers.
- Weakened immune system: Individuals with a weakened immune system (e.g., people with diabetes, elderly individuals) are more susceptible to fungal infections.
- Nail injuries: If the nail is damaged, the risk of infection increases as fungi can more easily settle on the injured area.
- Poor hygiene: A lack of regular nail care and proper ventilation of the feet can promote the development of infection.
How Is Nail Fungus Treated?
- Topical treatments: Nail lacquers or creams containing antifungal agents. These are generally effective for milder infections.
- Oral antifungal medications: If topical treatment is not sufficient, a doctor may prescribe tablets that work from within, but these can have side effects such as liver damage.
- Nail removal: In more severe cases, it may be necessary to partially or completely remove the infected nail surgically.
- Natural remedies: Some practitioners use tea tree oil or vinegar foot soaks to alleviate the infection, although their effectiveness is not always proven.
Laser Treatment for Nail Fungus
Laser treatment is an increasingly popular alternative method for eliminating nail fungus.
The heat emitted by the laser destroys the fungi under the nail plate without damaging the surrounding tissue.
The benefits include:
- No side effects like those associated with medication.
- Easy to perform.
- Potentially faster results than medication.
- Can be effective against resistant or recurrent infections.
According to experience, soft laser treatment helps in 90% of cases, although it is not always effective. The number of treatments required increases depending on the severity of the infection. In some cases, several months of treatment may be necessary.
