A leg ulcer (ulcus cruris) is a wound (or even multiple wounds) on the lower extremity, typically around the ankle and lower leg, that does not heal properly. It often persists for a long time (even months or years) without showing any tendency to heal. It may affect the surface of the leg’s skin, but can also extend deeper.
Causes
Leg ulcers are most often caused by circulatory problems, typically related to varicose veins or peripheral arterial disease. These circulatory disorders reduce blood flow in the legs, and poor circulation impairs wound healing, thereby contributing to the formation of wounds and their slow recovery.
Symptoms
Leg ulcers are often painful. The wound may be moist, exuding fluid, or chronically wet. The surrounding skin often thickens, discolors, or changes. Signs of inflammation may appear around the ulcer. If it becomes infected, it may also produce pus.
Treatment
Treatment of leg ulcers is generally complex, with the foundation being management of the underlying conditions (e.g., varicose veins or vascular problems). Proper wound disinfection and dressing, as well as ensuring adequate blood supply to the ulcer, are important. Individual therapies may include compression bandages, wound care products, surgical interventions, and specific treatments for vascular issues.
Any therapy that improves circulation in the limb aids healing, such as low‐level laser therapy, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, pressure therapy, functional muscle stimulation, and Bemer therapy.
Prevention
Early detection and treatment of vascular diseases, proper leg care (for example, moisturizing the skin, adequate foot care, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle) can all help prevent leg ulcers.
Leg ulcers are a serious condition that require medical attention. If you have an ulcer, be sure to consult your doctor or a specialist for proper diagnosis and initiation of treatment.
